The Sun-Earth-Moon System
Chapter 22
Planet Earth
Section 22.1
What are the evidences that the Earth is a sphere?
What are the evidences that the Earth is a sphere?
Shadow on moon
Ships disappear over the horizon
What causes day and night?
What causes day and night?
Rotation of the earth on its axis
In which direction does the Earth rotate?
In which direction does the Earth rotate?
West to east causing the sun to rise in the east and set in the west
What is the period of the Earths Rotation?
What is the period of the Earths Rotation?
23 hours, 56 minutes (24 hours) 1 day
Earth rotates through an angle of 360 degrees in one day. Through how many degrees does
Earth rotate in one hour?
Earth rotates through an angle of 360 degrees in one day. Through how many degrees does
Earth rotate in one hour?
360 ¸ 24 = 15
What is the period of the Earths Revolution?
What is the period of the Earths Revolution?
365 days, 6 hours, 9 minutes (365 ¼ days) 1 year
What is the shape of the Earths orbit?
What is the shape of the Earths orbit?
Ellipse
Perihelion nearest the sun
Aphelion farthest from the sun
When is the Earth closest to the sun?
When is the Earth closest to the sun?
January 3 - winter
When is the Earth farthest from the sun?
When is the Earth farthest from the sun?
July 4 - summer
What causes the seasons?
What causes the seasons?
Tilt of the earth on its axis 23 ½ degrees
Why is it warmer in summer than winter?
Why is it warmer in summer than winter?
Longer days in summer than winter
More direct sun in summer than winter
What is the equinox?
What is the equinox?
Equal night and day
Sun directly above the equator
When does the equinox occur?
When does the equinox occur?
Spring vernal March 20 or 21
Fall autumnal September 22 or 23
What is the solstice?
What is the solstice?
Sun at greatest distance north or south of the equator
When is the solstice?
When is the solstice?
Summer solstice June 21 or 22
Direct ray of sun on the Tropic of Cancer 23 ½ degrees north of equator
Winter solstice December 21 or 22
Direct ray of the sun on the Tropic of Capricorn 23 ½ decrees south of the equator
Earths Moon
Section 22.2
What is the period of the moons rotation?
What is the period of the moons rotation?
27.3 days
What is the period of the moons revolution?
What is the period of the moons revolution?
27.3 days
What is the relationship between the moons revolution and rotation?
What is the relationship between the moons revolution and rotation?
They are equal.
What does the revolution and rotation of the moon have to do with the appearance of the
moon from earth?
What does the revolution and rotation of the moon have to do with the appearance of the
moon from earth?
From earth you only see one side of the moon; the man in the moons face does not change
Why does the moon shine?
Why does the moon shine?
Light from sun reflects of the moon to you on earth.
What do we mean by phases of the moon?
What do we mean by phases of the moon?
Changing shape of light on the moon.
What is the difference in a waxing and waning moon?
What is the difference in a waxing and waning moon?
Waxing moon light coming on to the moon
Waning moon light going of the moon
On what side does the light come onto the moon?
On what side does the light come onto the moon?
Right in the northern hemisphere
Goes of the left in northern hemisphere
List and draw the phases of the moon in order starting with the new moon.
List and draw the phases of the moon in order starting with the new moon.
New Full
Waxing crescent Waning gibbous
First(waxing) quarter Third(last or waning) quarter
Waxing gibbous Waning crescent
How much time does it take the moon to complete one cycle of phases?
How much time does it take the moon to complete one cycle of phases?
29.5 days
Why is the phase cycle of the moon different from the revolution?
Why is the phase cycle of the moon different from the revolution?
The Earths revolution around the sun
29.5 days = 27.3 days + 2. 2 days
What is an eclipse?
What is an eclipse?
One body blocks the sun from another body
What is a solar eclipse?
What is a solar eclipse?
Moon block sun from earth.
Moon must be in new phase
Eclipse can be seen on a very small part of the earth
What is a lunar eclipse?
What is a lunar eclipse?
Earth blocks the sun from the moon
Moon must be in the full phase
Half of the earth can see the eclipse
During your life time, if you live in Victoria(or anywhere else), which will you see more:
lunar or solar eclipses?
During your life time, if you live in Victoria(or anywhere else), which will you see more:
lunar or solar eclipses?
Lunar eclipse you will see half of all lunar eclipses; the chance of you being in the small area where
a solar eclipse can be seen in small
What is the umbra and penumbra?
What is the umbra and penumbra?
Umbra complete shadow of the moon or earth
Complete eclipse
Penumbra partial shadow of the moon or earth
Partial eclipse
What are some structures on the moon?
What are some structures on the moon?
Maria dark colored, flat areas, ancient lava flows
Crater depressions formed by collisions
Describe the interior of the moon.
Describe the interior of the moon.
Crust solid
Mantle solid turn to liquid
Core solid, iron-rich
How was the moon formed?
How was the moon formed?
Theories before the Apollo missions
Captured by Earths gravity
Condensed from material surrounding earth
Blob of earth throw out while earth was forming
How was the moon formed?
Impact theory accepted by most scientest
Large object hit earth
Gas and material throw out
Condensed to form moon
Exploration of the Moon
Section 22.3
Give the most recent space craft to visit the moon.
Give the most recent space craft to visit the moon.
Clementine
What did Clementine learn?
What did Clementine learn?
Test sensors for tracking cold objects in space
Take pictures of moon, especially the south pole
Possibility of water on the moon
Mascons(concentration of mass) located under impact areas
Composition of moon rocks
